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Sitting Bull also nicknamed Slon-he or "Slow"; c. 1831 – December 15, 1890) was a Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux holy man who led his people as a war chief during years of resistance to United States government policies.

Sitting Bull was born near the Grand River in South Dakota. Named Slon-He "Slow" as a child, he was given one of his father's names after leading a charge on a war party and striking before the Crow could, leaving all his people unharmed. He was not yet 15. It was common for Lakota men to receive another name as they passed into adulthood.

Sitting Bull is notable in American and Native American history for his role in the major victory at the Battle of the Little Bighorn against Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer and the U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment on June 25, 1876. That day Sitting Bull's premonition of defeating the cavalry became reality. Seven months after the battle, Sitting Bull and his group left the United States for Wood Mountain, Saskatchewan, Canada, where they remained until 1881.

Sitting Bull returned to the US that year with most of his band and surrendered, coming to live at the Standing Rock Indian Reservation in the Dakotas. A small remnant of his band under Chief Waŋblí Ǧí decided to stay at Wood Mountain. After his return to the United States, Sitting Bull briefly toured as a performer in Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West show.

After working as a performer, he returned to the Standing Rock Agency in South Dakota. Because of fears that he would use his influence to support the Ghost Dance movement, Indian Service agent James McLaughlin at Fort Yates ordered his arrest. During a struggle between Sitting Bull's followers and the agency police, his supporters fired at police. Standing Rock policemen Tatankapah (Bull Head) and Marcelus Chankpidutah (Red Tomahawk) shot Sitting Bull in the side and head in return fire.

Sitting Bull's body was taken to nearby Fort Yates for burial. In 1953, remains thought possibly to be his were exhumed and reinterred near Mobridge, South Dakota, by his Lakota family, who wanted his body nearer to his birthplace. However, some Sioux and historians dispute this claim and believe that any remains that were moved are not those of Sitting Bull.